1. Nā koi kumu no nā mea ʻoki wili e ʻoki i kekahi mau mea
(1) Paʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa paʻa: Ma lalo o ka mahana maʻamau, pono e lawa ka paʻakikī o ka ʻoki ʻana o ka mea e ʻoki ai i ka mea hana;me ke kūpale kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole e komo ka mea hana a hoʻonui i ke ola lawelawe.
(2) Kūleʻa wela maikaʻi: E hana ka mea hana i ka wela nui i ka wā o ke kaʻina ʻoki, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wikiwiki o ka ʻoki ʻana, e kiʻekiʻe loa ka mahana.No laila, pono e loaʻa i ka mea paahana ke kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi, ʻoiai ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe.Hiki iā ia ke mālama i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a hiki ke hoʻomau i ka ʻokiʻoki.Ua kapa ʻia kēia waiwai o ka paʻakikī wela wela a i ʻole ka ʻulaʻula.
(3) Ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī maikaʻi: I ka wā o ka ʻoki ʻana, pono ka mea hana e kū i ka hopena nui, no laila pono ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe o ka mea hana, inā ʻaʻole e maʻalahi ka haki a me ka pōʻino.No ka mea e pili ana ka mea ʻoki wili i ka hopena a me ka haʻalulu, pono e loaʻa i ka mea ʻoki ʻoki ʻoki i ka paʻakikī maikaʻi ʻole i maʻalahi ka ʻoki a me ka puʻupuʻu.
2. Nā mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no nā mea ʻoki wili
(1) Ke kila kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (i kapa ʻia ʻo ke kila kiʻekiʻe, ke kila mua, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), i māhele ʻia i ke kila kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano penei:
a.He kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o nā mea hoʻohuihui tungsten, chromium, molybdenum a me vanadium, a hiki i ka paʻakikī quenching hiki ke hiki i ka HRC62-70.Ma 6000C kiʻekiʻe wela, hiki ke mālama i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe.
b.ʻO ka ʻoki ʻoki he ikaika maikaʻi a paʻakikī, kūpaʻa ikaika i ka vibration, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana me ka wikiwiki ʻoki ākea.No nā mea hana mīkini me ka rigidity maikaʻi ʻole, hiki ke ʻoki ʻia nā mea ʻoki wili kila kiʻekiʻe
c.He mea maʻalahi ka hana ʻana o ke kaʻina hana maikaʻi, forging, processing and sharpening, a hiki ke hana ʻia nā mea hana me nā ʻano paʻakikī.
d.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea carbide cemented, aia nō nā hemahema o ka paʻakikī haʻahaʻa, ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula maikaʻi ʻole a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana.
(2) Cemented carbide: Hana ʻia ia me ka carbide metala, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide a me ka cobalt-based metal binder ma o ka pauka metallurgical kaʻina.ʻO kāna mau hiʻohiʻona nui e like me kēia:
Hiki iā ia ke pale i ka wela kiʻekiʻe, a hiki ke mālama i ka hana ʻoki maikaʻi ma kahi o 800-10000C.I ka wā e ʻoki ai, hiki i ka wikiwiki ʻoki ke 4-8 mau manawa kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke kila kiʻekiʻe.ʻO ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe ma ka lumi wela a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi.He haʻahaʻa ka ikaika kulou, ʻilihune ka paʻakikī o ka hopena, a ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka pahi.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā carbide cemented maʻamau i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana:
① Tungsten-cobalt cemented carbide (YG)
Hoʻohana maʻamau nā māka YG3, YG6, YG8, kahi e hōʻike ai nā helu i ka pākēneka o ka cobalt content, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka cobalt content, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka hopena a me ke kūpaʻa vibration, akā e hōʻemi i ka paʻakikī a me ke kūpaʻa.No laila, kūpono ka mea hoʻoheheʻe no ka ʻoki ʻana i ka hao a me nā metala non-ferrous, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻoki ʻana i ke kila a me ka paʻakikī a me nā ʻāpana kila kila me ka hopena kiʻekiʻe.
② Titanium-cobalt cemented carbide (YT)
ʻO nā māka maʻamau ʻo YT5, YT15, YT30, a hōʻike nā helu i ka pākēneka o ka titanium carbide.Ma hope o ka carbide cemented loaʻa ka titanium carbide, hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka wela hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ke kila, hoʻemi i ka coefficient friction, a hoʻonui iki i ka paʻakikī a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana, akā hoʻemi ia i ka ikaika kulou a me ka paʻakikī a hana i nā waiwai brittle.No laila, kūpono nā'āpana Class no kaʻokiʻana i nā'āpana kila.
③ ʻO ka carbide sima maʻamau
E hoʻohui i ka nui kūpono o nā carbide metala liʻiliʻi, e like me ka tantalum carbide a me ka niobium carbide, i ʻelua mau mea paʻa paʻa i luna e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kā lākou mau kīʻaha a hoʻomaikaʻi i ko lākou lumi lumi a me ke kiʻekiʻe wela o ka paʻakikī, ʻaʻahu i ke kūpaʻa, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka mahana a me ke kūpaʻa oxidation, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka paʻakikī. o ka huila.No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia ʻano o ka pahi carbide cemented.ʻO kāna mau hōʻailona: YW1, YW2 a me YA6, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ma muli o ke kumu kūʻai kumu kūʻai, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia no ka paʻakikī o ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana, e like me ke kila ikaika, ke kila wela, ke kila kila, etc.
3. Nā ʻano mea ʻoki wili
(1) E like me ka mea o ka ʻoki ʻana o ka mea ʻoki wili:
a.ʻOki wili kila kiʻekiʻe: Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano no nā mea ʻoki paʻakikī.
b.ʻO nā mea ʻoki wili karbide: ʻo ka hapa nui i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia paha i ke kino ʻoki.
(2) E like me ke kumu o ka mea wili palaoa:
a.ʻO nā mea ʻoki wili no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā mokulele: nā mea ʻoki ʻokiʻoki cylindrical, nā ʻoki milling hope, etc.
b.Nā mea ʻoki wili no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā ʻāpana (a i ʻole nā papa ʻanuʻu): nā wili hope, nā mea ʻoki wili diski, nā mea ʻoki milling blade, etc.
c.ʻO nā mea ʻoki wili no nā ʻili kūikawā: hana i nā mea ʻoki wili, etc.
(3) E like me ke ʻano o ka mea ʻoki wili
a.ʻOki wili niho ʻoi: ʻO ke ʻano ʻoki ʻia o ke kua o ka niho he pololei a haki paha, maʻalahi ke hana a hoʻokala, a ʻoi aku ka ʻoi o ka ʻoki.
b.ʻOki wili niho kōkua: ʻo ke ʻano ʻoki ʻia o ke kua o ka niho, he spiral Archimedes.Ma hope o ka hoʻokala ʻana, ʻoiai ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kihi rake, ʻaʻole loli ka ʻaoʻao niho, kahi kūpono no ka hana ʻana i nā mea ʻoki wili.
4. ʻO nā ʻāpana geometric nui a me nā hana o ka mea ʻoki wili
(1) Ka inoa o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ka mea ʻoki wili
① Papa mokulele: He mokulele e hele ana ma kekahi kiko ma ka mea ʻoki a kū pololei i ka māmā ʻoki o kēlā kiko.
② ʻOki ʻana i ka mokulele: ka mokulele e hele ana ma ka ʻoki ʻoki a kū pololei i ka mokulele kumu.
③ Ka maka: ka mokulele kahi e kahe ai nā ʻōpala.
④ ʻili ʻili: ka ʻili e kū pono ana i ka ʻili i hana ʻia
(2) ʻO ke kihi geometric nui a me ka hana o ka mea ʻoki milling cylindrical
① Rake angle γ0: ʻO ke kihi i hoʻokomo ʻia ma waena o ka maka rake a me ka ʻili kumu.ʻO ka hana ka hana ʻana i ka ʻoki ʻoki ʻoi, hoʻemi i ka deformation metala i ka wā o ka ʻoki ʻana, a hoʻokuʻu maʻalahi i nā ʻāpana, pēlā e mālama ai i ka hana ma ka ʻoki ʻana.
② Kokua α0: ʻO ka huina i hoʻokomo ʻia ma waena o ka ʻili o ka ʻaoʻao a me ka mokulele ʻoki.ʻO kāna hana nui, ʻo ia ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka friction ma waena o ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao a me ka mokulele ʻoki a hoʻemi i ka ʻili o ka ʻili o ka mea hana.
③ Ke kihi wili 0: ʻO ke kihi ma waena o ka tangent ma ka lau niho helical a me ke koʻi o ka mea ʻoki wili.ʻO ka hana ka hana ʻana i nā niho ʻokiʻoki e ʻoki liʻiliʻi i loko a i waho o ka mea hana, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻoki ʻana.I ka manawa like, no nā mea ʻoki ʻoki ʻoki cylindrical, loaʻa nō hoʻi ka hopena o ka hoʻokahe ʻana i nā chips mai ka maka hope.
(3) ʻO ke kihi geometric nui a me ka hana o ka wili hope
ʻO ka wili hope he hoʻokahi ʻoki ʻoki lua, no laila ma kahi o ka angle rake a me ke kihi hoʻomaha, aia kekahi:
① Ke komo ʻana i ke kihi Kr: ʻO ke kihi i hoʻohui ʻia ma waena o ka ʻoki ʻoki nui a me ka ʻili mīkini.Hoʻololi ka hoʻololi i ka lōʻihi o ka ʻoki ʻoki nui e komo i ka ʻoki ʻana, a hoʻololi i ka laulā a me ka mānoanoa o ka chip.
② ʻO ka huina hoʻololi lua Krˊ: ʻO ka huina i hoʻohui ʻia ma waena o ka ʻoki ʻoki lua a me ka ʻili i hana ʻia.ʻO ka hana e hoʻemi i ka friction ma waena o ka ʻoki ʻoki lua a me ka ʻili mīkini, a pili i ka hopena ʻoki o ka ʻoki lua ma ka ʻili mīkini.
③ ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻili λs: ʻO ke kihi i hoʻohui ʻia ma waena o ka ʻoki ʻoki nui a me ka ʻili kumu.Pāʻani nui i ke ʻano o ka ʻoki ʻoki oblique.
5. Hana ʻoki ʻoki
ʻO ka mea ʻoki milling hana he mea ʻoki wili kūikawā i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka ʻili.Pono e hoʻolālā ʻia a helu ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o ka lau e like me ka ʻaoʻao o ka mea hana e hana ʻia.Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā ʻano ʻano paʻakikī ma luna o ka mīkini wili kumu nui, e hōʻoia i ke ʻano o ke ʻano like, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi., Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka hana batch a me ka hana nui.
(1) Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea ʻoki wili i ʻelua ʻano: nā niho kiko a me nā niho kōkua
ʻO ka wili ʻana a me ka wili hou ʻana o ka niho ʻoi e hana i ka mea ʻoki wili e pono ai kahi haku kūikawā, he paʻakikī ke hana a hoʻokala.Hana ʻia ka niho hope o ka mea ʻoki ʻoki ʻoki niho niho ma ka ʻohi ʻana a me ka wili ʻana i ka ʻōpala ma ka lathe niho niho.ʻO ka maka rake wale nō i ʻoi i ka wā e wili hou ai.No ka mea palahalaha ka maka rake, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻokala.I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui ka mea ʻoki milling i ka shovel Tooth back structure.Pono ka niho hope o ka niho kōkua e kū i nā kūlana ʻelua: ①Ke hoʻololi ʻole ke ʻano o ka ʻoki ʻoki ma hope o ka wili hou ʻana;②E kiʻi i ke kihi hoʻomaha i makemake ʻia.
(2) Ka pihi kua hope a me ka hoohalike
Hana ʻia kahi ʻāpana hopena e kū pono ana i ke koʻi o ka mea ʻoki wili ma kēlā me kēia kiko ma ka ʻoki ʻoki o ka mea ʻoki wili.Ua kapa ʻia ka laina kuʻina ma waena o ia a me ka ʻili hope o ka niho ʻo ka pihi kua niho o ka mea ʻoki wili.
Pono e ho'okō 'ia ka piko o ka niho i 'elua mau 'ano: 'o ka 'oki ho'omaha o ka mea 'oki wili ma hope o kēlā me kēia ho'iho'i 'ana, 'a'ole i ho'ololi 'ia;ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe he maʻalahi ka hana ʻana.
ʻO ka piko wale nō e hiki ke hoʻomāʻona i ka huina hoʻomaʻemaʻe mau ʻo ka spiral logarithmic, akā paʻakikī ke hana.Hiki i ka Archimedes spiral ke hoʻokō i ke koi ʻana ʻaʻole i hoʻololi ʻia ke kihi ʻae, a maʻalahi ka hana ʻana a maʻalahi hoʻi e ʻike.No laila, hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Archimedes spiral i ka hana ʻana e like me ke ʻano o ka pihi niho hope o ka mea ʻoki wili.
Mai ka ʻike o ka geometry, piʻi a hoʻemi like ka radius vector ρ waiwai o kēlā me kēia kiko ma ka Archimedes spiral me ka hoʻonui a i ʻole ka emi ʻana o ka huina huli θ o ka radius vector.
No laila, ʻoiai ka lōʻihi o ka hui pū ʻana o ka neʻe ʻana o ka holo ʻana me ka neʻe laina laina ma ka ʻaoʻao radius, hiki ke loaʻa kahi spiral Archimedes.
Hōʻike ʻia i loko o nā koina polar: inā θ=00, ρ=R, (R ka radius o ka mea ʻoki wili), inā θ>00, ρ
ʻO ka hoohalike maʻamau no ke kua o ka mea ʻoki wili: ρ=R-CQ
Ke manaʻo nei ʻaʻole e hoʻi hope ka pahi, a laila i kēlā me kēia manawa e hoʻohuli ai ka mea ʻoki wili i kahi kihi ma waena o nā niho ε=2π/z, ʻo ka nui o ka niho o ka lau ʻo K. No ka hoʻololi ʻana i kēia, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kāmela pū kekahi. I mea e neʻe ai ka maka i ka wikiwiki mau, ʻo ka pihi ma ke kāmela he ʻano Archimedes spiral, no laila maʻalahi ke hana.Eia kekahi, ʻo ka nui o ke kāmela i hoʻoholo wale ʻia e ka waiwai kūʻai ʻo K, a ʻaʻohe mea pili i ka helu o nā niho a me ka ʻoki ʻoki o ke anawaena ʻoki.ʻOiai ka lōʻihi o ka hana ʻana a me ke kūʻai ʻana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke kāmela ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa.ʻO kēia ke kumu i hoʻohana nui ʻia ai nā spirals Archimedes i nā kua niho o nā niho kōkua e hana ana i nā mea ʻoki wili.
Ke ʻike ʻia ka radius R o ka mea ʻoki wili a me ka nui ʻoki K, hiki ke loaʻa iā C:
Ke θ=2π/z, ρ=RK
A laila RK=R-2πC /z ∴ C = Kz/2π
6. Phenomena e hiki mai ana ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o ka mea ʻoki wili
(1) Ma muli o ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana, mānoanoa a ʻeleʻele nā ʻāpana.Ke piʻi aʻe ka mahana o nā ʻāpana, lilo ke kala o nā ʻāpana i poni a uahi.
(2) He ʻilihune loa ka ʻōpala o ka ʻili o ka mea hana, a aia nā wahi ʻālohilohi ma ka ʻili o ka mea hana me nā hōʻailona a i ʻole nā nalu.
(3) Hoʻopuka ke kaʻina hana wili i ka haʻalulu koʻikoʻi a me ka walaʻau like ʻole.
(4) Ma ke ʻano o ka lihi pahi, aia nā kiko keʻokeʻo ʻālohilohi ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka pahi.
(5) I ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻoki ʻoki carbide i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā ʻāpana kila, lele pinepine ka nui o ka noe ahi.
(6) ʻO ka wili ʻana i nā ʻāpana kila me nā mea ʻokiʻoki kila kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka lubrication aila a me ka hoʻoluʻu, e hoʻohua nui i ka uahi.
Ke hoʻopau ʻia ka mea ʻoki wili, pono ʻoe e kū a nānā i ke kapa o ka mea ʻoki wili i ka manawa.Inā liʻiliʻi ka ʻaʻahu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokala i ka ʻoki ʻoki me ka pōhaku ʻaila a laila hoʻohana;inā kaumaha ka ʻaʻahu, pono ʻoe e hoʻokala iā ia i mea e pale ai i ka ʻaʻahu wili nui.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-23-2021